Radio frequency spectrum characteristics, and their its associated policies, impact all forms of wireless internet service delivery, including satellite - and WiFiWi-Fi based technologies. Radio frequency spectrum in Canada is managed by the Ministry of Innovation, Science, and Economic Development (formerly Industry CanadaISED). Spectrum is a finite public resource utilized by various bodies, including commercial private sector entities and their consumers, as well as public sector entities including defence, police, emergency responders, and researchers.
Spectrum is periodically divided into frequency bands, which are allocated for one or more specific uses by international voting decisions at the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC), which is supported by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), an agency of the United Nations.
Countries usually adapt global policies developed by the WRC and ITU, and allocate frequency bands on a domestic basis. While the ITU coordinates frequency for different services (broadcasting, mobile, radio, etc.), individual countries determine how those frequencies are subdivided geographically and in terms of channel size.
In Canada, these are set out in The Canadian Table of Frequency Allocations (CTFA). Canadian spectrum allocations tend to align with those of the United States, allowing network operators to take advantage of economies of scale achieved by US telecommunications equipment ecosystems specific to each band.
Only a fraction of the complete electromagnetic spectrum can support radio communication, which is why it is important to use the resource as efficiently as possible. As radio communication technology advances, spectrum utilization becomes more efficient. This “spectral efficiency” allows a single block of spectrum to deliver a greater capacity or bits or to service more subscribers.
The Spectrum Management System (formerly Spectrum Direct) is a public database that allows users to view data collected and managed by the Canadian Spectrum Program, and search for spectrum used for communications and broadcasting purposes according to geographic area, frequency, licensee name, and other parameters.
Table 4. A curated and summarized list of radio frequency spectrum assigned for broadband technologies
RADIO FREQUENCY BANDS (MHZ) | INTENDED USAGE | COMMENTS |
Radio Frequency Bands (MHz) | Intended Usage | Comments|||
512 - 608, 614 - 698 |
Recently, the 600 MHz band has been repurposed for commercial mobile use and digital TV.115 |
following the decision to repurpose the 600 MHz band, after which the transition plan will be finalized.There are 24 RRBS stations in Alberta that will be impacted by the repurposing of this spectrum.116 | ||
614-698 MHz |
|
| ||
763 - 768, 793 - 798 |
|
| ||
Remaining 700 Mhz band |
|
| ||
| ||||
2500 - 2690 |
|
| ||
902 - 928, 2400 -2483.5, 5150 - 5350, 5470 - 5600, 5650 - 5850, 24050 - 24250 |
|
| 3650 - 3700 |
(spectrum license required |
| 3475 - 3650 |
|
| |
3500106 |
|
| ||
3650 - 3700 |
|
| ||
4940 - 4990 |
|
|
|
In evolving rules around the future uses of spectrum, Innovation, Science and Economic Development works to ensure that Canadian spectrum users have enough for next generation technologies, and are also in step with the United States. The federal ministry’s most recent strategic outlook for spectrum was published in 2018, and is called Spectrum Outlook 2018 to 2022. It includes plans for supplying next generation 5G technologies, among other purposes.
References
96ISED. RSS-196. February 2019. Accessed 10 March 2021.
97ISED. Consultation
References
114. Industry Canada. CPC-2-1-24. 2 August 2011. Accessed 12 June 2016.
115. Industry Canada. Decision on Repurposing the 600 MHz Band. 3 September 2016. Accessed 13 June 201610 March 2021.116. Industry Canada. Decision on Repurposing the 600 MHz Band
98ISED. 600 MHz Auction — Final Results. 10 April 2019. Accessed 10 March 2021.
99ISED. . 3 September 2016. Accessed 13 June 2016.
117. Industry Canada. Policy and Technical Framework. 12 March 2014. Accessed 12 June 201610 March 2021.
118. Industry Canada100ISED. 700 MHz Spectrum Auction FAQs. 19 February 2014. Accessed 12 June 201610 March 2021.
119. Government of Canada. Archived - 700 MHz Spectrum Auction-Process and Results, 19 February 2014. Accessed 12 June 2016.
120. Industry Canada. 101ISED. 2500 MHz Auction - Final Results, 25 June 2015. Accessed 12 June 201610 March 2021.
121. Industry Canada102ISED. Radio Spectrum Management Update, April 2015. Accessed 12 June 2016.
122. 103Industry Canada. CPC-2-1-26. November 2010. Accessed 12 June 2016.
123. Industry Canada. Notice No. DGRB-008-99. 2011. Accessed 12 June 2016.
124. 104Industry Canada. Gazette Notice DGSO-007-14. 3 January 2015. Accessed 12 June 2016.
125. 105Industry Canada. SRSP-303.4. December 2008. Accessed 12 June 2016.
106ISED. 3500 MHz band spectrum auction - Canada.ca. 05 June 2020. Accessed 10 March 2021.
107Industry Canada. CPC-2-1-26. 06 June 2016. Accessed 10 March 2021.
108126. Industry Canada. CPC-2-0-19. 1 November 2008. Accessed 12 June 2016.